How to Wipe Your Mac and Reinstall macOS

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  1. Create a backup
  2. Sign out of iTunes
    Open iTunes. From the menu bar at the top of your computer screen or at the top of the iTunes window, choose Account > Authorizations > Deauthorize This Computer.
    When prompted, enter your Apple ID and password. Then click Deauthorize.
  3. Sign out of iCloud
    Choose Apple (Apple) menu > System Preferences, click iCloud, and then click the Sign Out button.
    A dialog asks whether you want to keep a copy of your iCloud data on the Mac. Because you'll reformat the hard drive in a later step, just click Keep a Copy to proceed.
    After you sign out of iCloud, your iCloud data remains in iCloud and on any other devices you've signed into with your Apple ID.
  4. Sign out of iMessage
    If you're using OS X Mountain Lion or later, sign out of iMessage.
    In the Messages app, choose Messages > Preferences, then click Accounts. Select your iMessage account, then click Sign Out.
  5. If you're keeping paired Bluetooth devices, unpair them (optional)
    If you have Bluetooth devices—such as keyboards, mice, or trackpads—paired with your Mac, and you plan to keep these devices, you can unpair them. This optional step prevents accidental input on the Mac if the computer and the Bluetooth devices have separate owners but remain within Bluetooth range of one another.
  6. Erase and reinstall macOS
    • Select Disk Utility from the utilities window of macOS Recovery, then click Continue.
    • Select your device or volume in the sidebar of Disk Utility.
    • Click the Erase button or tab.
    • Complete these fields:
      Name: Enter a name for your disk, such as "Macintosh HD".
      Format: Choose Mac OS Extended (Journaled) or APFS.
      Scheme (if available): Choose GUID Partition Map.
    • Click Erase to begin erasing your disk.
    • When done, quit Disk Utility to return to the utilities window. You're now ready to install macOS.

Command (⌘)-R Install the latest macOS that was installed on your Mac, without upgrading to a later version.*
Option-Command-R Upgrade to the latest macOS that is compatible with your Mac.**
Shift-Option-Command-R Install the macOS that came with your Mac, or the version closest to it that is still available. 
* If you're selling or giving away a Mac that is using OS X El Capitan or earlier, use Command-R to make sure that the installation isn't associated with your Apple ID.
** If you haven't already updated to macOS Sierra 10.12.4 or later, Option-Command-R installs the macOS that came with your Mac, or the version closest to it that is still available.

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